According to JPMorgan Chase data, the French e-commerce market was valued at 103.4 billion euros (120.5 billion US dollars) in 2019, with a projected compound annual growth rate of 10.4% by 2023. Similarly, the Spanish e-commerce market was valued at 42.4 billion euros (49.4 billion US dollars) in 2019, expecting a growth rate of 12.6% by 2023. Additionally, Poland's e-commerce market is expected to grow at a compound annual rate of 10.6% between 2019 and 2023.